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1. Lightly-sweetened 輕微甜度
Cereal packages often contain the phrase “lightly sweetened” to suggest less sugar. The Food and Drug Administration has regulations concerning the use of “sugar free” and “no added sugars” but nothing governing the claims “low sugar” or “lightly sweetened.” “Whether Kellogg’s Frosted Mini-Wheats Bite Size is lightly sweetened should be determined by federal rules, not the marketing executives of a manufacturer,” says the C.S.P.I. report.
谷類產品的包裝上常常有“微甜”的標簽，讓人感覺這個產品糖分較少。但是食品與藥物管理局（FDA）規定使用的有關標簽是“無糖”和“無添加糖”，而不是什么“低糖”或者“輕甜”。Kellogg牌的迷你口嚼麥片是不是輕甜該由聯邦規則來定的，而不是生產商的營銷人員。”
2. A good source of fiber 富含纖維
A number of food marketers now claim their products are a good source of fiber, but C.S.P.I. notes that often the fiber doesn’t come from traditional sources — whole grains, bean, vegetables or fruit — known to have health benefits. Instead, food makers are adding something called “isolated fibers” made from chicory root or purified powders of polydextrose and other substances that haven’t been shown to lower blood sugar or cholesterol.
現在很多食品經銷商都稱他們的產品富含纖維，但是CSPI寫道，這些所謂的纖維常常不是從谷類，豆類，蔬菜或者水果等自然渠道獲得的，而是一種叫做“獨立纖維”的添加成分，通常是由菊苣根或者純化的聚葡萄糖和其他物質粉末加工而成，而這些物質沒有被證明可以降低血糖和膽固醇。
注：對人體有益的纖維是膳食纖維，主要來源是蔬菜和粗加工的谷物，因為具有網狀結構和在腸道停留時間長而具有降糖降膽固醇的作用，是人類的第七大營養素。）
3. Strengthens your immune system 增強免疫力
Through “clever wordsmithing,” food companies can skirt F.D.A. rules about health claims and give consumers the impression that a product will ward off disease, notes the C.S.P.I. report. Ocean Spray Cranberry Juice claims to “strengthen your immune system with a daily dose of vitamin C.” Green Giant offers an “immunity blend” of frozen vegetables. Nestle’s Carnation Instant Breakfast says it contains “Antioxidants to help support the immune system.”
食品商巧妙地選用詞語，不僅避免了違反FDA對于保健類標簽的規定，而且還讓消費者感覺該食品有保健作用，CSPI的報告中提到。
Ocean Spray牌的蔓越莓汁就號稱“天天維c，健康身體。”
Green Giant牌稱他們的冷凍蔬菜有著“多種免疫”功能。
雀巢公司的Carnation牌即食早餐聲含“增強免疫的抗氧化劑”。
4. Made with real fruit 純正水果加工
Often the “real fruit” is found in small quantities and isn’t even the same kind of fruit pictured on the package. Tropical fruit flavored Gerber Graduates Fruit Juice Treats show pictures of fresh oranges and pineapple. But the main ingredients are corn syrup, sugar and white grape juice concentrate. Betty Crocker’s Strawberry Splash Fruit Gushers don’t contain strawberries — just pear concentrate.
我們常常發現所謂的“純正水果”在產品中的含量是很低的，甚至有時都不是包裝圖片上同一品種的水果。熱帶風味的Gerber牌學生果汁，在包裝圖片上采用了新鮮誘人的橙子和菠蘿。但是主要成分卻是玉米糖漿，糖和白葡萄濃縮汁。
Betty Crocker’s 牌的濃情草莓果糖其實不含草莓，只有梨濃縮汁。
5. Made with whole grains 全谷物
Many products make a whole grain claim even though they often contain refined flour as the first ingredient and the amount of whole grains are minimal. The C.S.P.I. reports that the package of Keebler’s Townhouse Bistro Multigrain Crackers boasts they are made with “toasted whole wheat,” but the ingredient label shows the crackers contain more sugar than whole wheat.
很多產品都聲稱是百分百谷物成分，可是主要成分卻是精致面粉，而且谷物的含量還很低。CSPI的報告中提到Keebler Town House Bistro牌的多谷類餅干，廣告上說產品完全由烤制小麥制造，成分表里卻顯示餅干里糖類比麥還多。
6. All natural 純天然
Although the F.D.A. has issued several warning letters to firms making misleading “all natural” claims, the agency has never issued formal rules about the term, C.S.P.I. says. As a result, some products containing high fructose corn syrup claim to be “all natural.” One example is Minute Maid Premium All Natural Flavors Berry Punch. “Though glucose and fructose certainly occur in nature, the chemical conversions of cornstarch should not be considered natural,” writes C.S.P.I.
盡管FDA反復警告禁止使用誤導性的“純天然”標簽，但是專業部門從來至今沒有制定相關法律法規，CSPI說。導致有些含果葡糖漿的商品仍然打著純天然的旗號。比如下圖的純天然漿汁。
“雖然葡萄糖和果糖確實存在于自然界，但是如果他們是由淀粉化學分解而成，這就不能被認為是純天然。”CSIP寫。
You can read more about label confusion on the WalletPop blog, or click here for a detailed summary of the C.S.P.I. report as well as a link to the full 158 page document.
你可以在the WalletPop blog 查看更多模糊的食品標簽，也可以點擊這里獲得CSPI報告的摘要，或者全部158頁的文件。
