People have been found to remember faces of their own race better than they remember faces of other races. Now researchers have uncovered the changes in the brain that underlie that phenomenon.

    人們對(duì)同種族人的面孔記得比其他種族人的面孔要牢是一個(gè)已知的事實(shí)。現(xiàn)在科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了這一現(xiàn)象背后的大腦變化。

    Dr. Jennifer L. Eberhardt and colleagues from Stanford University asked 19 men--9 black and 10 white--to look at pictures of faces of people from both races while they monitored participants brain activity with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

    斯坦福大學(xué)的珍妮弗·L·愛(ài)伯哈德博士和她的同事讓19名男子——9個(gè)黑人和10個(gè)白人——觀看來(lái)自這兩個(gè)種族的人臉圖片，同時(shí)用磁共振成像儀(MRI)監(jiān)測(cè)其腦部活動(dòng)。

    The investigators found that when the study participants looked at faces matching their own race, a specific area of the brain it up on the MRI. But when they looked at pictures of faces of another race, the brain area did not activate to the same degree, according to the report in the Nature Neuroscience. The part of the brain is called the fusiform region.

    據(jù)發(fā)表于《自然神經(jīng)科學(xué)》上的報(bào)告所載，研究者們發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)受試者看到自己種族的人臉時(shí)，MRI顯示其大腦中的一個(gè)特殊區(qū)域“亮”了起來(lái)。而當(dāng)受試者看到其他種族的人臉時(shí)，這一區(qū)域的反應(yīng)就不是同樣強(qiáng)烈。該區(qū)域被稱(chēng)為“紡錘狀區(qū)”。

    It is an area that is activated when someone looks at a face, but not while they look at other objects or even other parts of the body. It is also activated when a person looks at an object about which they are an expert, Eberhardt explained, noting that a bird watcher fusiform region might be activated if he looks at a bird.

    愛(ài)伯哈德解釋道：“這一區(qū)域只有當(dāng)人們看到人臉時(shí)才會(huì)被激活，而在看到其他事物甚至是身體其他部分時(shí)都沒(méi)有反應(yīng)。當(dāng)人們看到某種他非常了解的事物時(shí)，這一區(qū)域也會(huì)有反應(yīng)。”她舉例說(shuō)，當(dāng)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)觀察者看到一只鳥(niǎo)時(shí)，他的“紡錘狀區(qū)”就會(huì)有反應(yīng)。