A recent audit at Dickinson State University in the United States will have made uncomfortable reading for parents in China.

對(duì)于中國(guó)學(xué)生家長(zhǎng)們來(lái)說(shuō)，一份于近日公布的針對(duì)美國(guó)狄克森州立大學(xué)的審查報(bào)告將令他們感到不安。

Over the last four years, the college in North Dakota had issued diplomas to 400 foreign students despite their failure to complete the required coursework.

過(guò)去四年中，這所位于美國(guó)北達(dá)科他州的學(xué)府中，有400名留學(xué)生在未能完成必修課程的條件，卻仍然拿到了大學(xué)文憑。

Roughly 95 percent of these students were Chinese.

其中，大約有95%為中國(guó)留學(xué)生。

It was just one of several controls "waived or intentionally overridden or ignored" by DSU, which has again cast a spotlight on the risks families face in paying out huge sums to have their children educated overseas.

這僅僅是狄克森州立大學(xué)在管理監(jiān)督方面的漏洞之一，對(duì)于這些漏洞，該校“或置之不理，放任自流，或有意掩飾”。這一事件，也使人們關(guān)注的目光再次投向那些支付高昂費(fèi)用送子女留學(xué)的家庭所面臨的種種風(fēng)險(xiǎn)之上。

Such investments often create what sociologists call “the new urban poor”.

此類的留學(xué)投資通常都會(huì)導(dǎo)致社會(huì)學(xué)家口中所謂的“新城市貧民”的產(chǎn)生。

"Parents are surrendering their last resources to wager them on a child`s future by sending them abroad," said Lao Kaisheng, an education policy researcher at Capital Normal University. "If these children don`t get the decent jobs and the salary that is expected, their parents will naturally be sucked into poverty."

首都師范大學(xué)教育政策研究員勞凱聲表示：“家長(zhǎng)花光所有積蓄送子女出國(guó)是在拿錢(qián)賭孩子的明天。如果孩子們找不到體面的工作、沒(méi)有預(yù)期的收入，那么家長(zhǎng)自然就身陷貧困。”

The desire to send offspring to schools overseas has existed for decades, although today it is largely fueled by the belief that it gives youngsters an advantage in the tough domestic employment market.

這種父母迫切想要送子女出國(guó)深造的情況已存在了幾十年的時(shí)間了，只不過(guò)如今，家長(zhǎng)認(rèn)為出國(guó)留學(xué)能讓孩子在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的國(guó)內(nèi)就業(yè)市場(chǎng)占據(jù)優(yōu)勢(shì)，因此，這種想法就愈演愈烈了。

However, not many Chinese families have enough saved in the bank to cover the tuition fees and accommodation and living expenses. Instead, many are choosing to take on massive debt at a critical time in their own life.

然而，只有少數(shù)的中國(guó)家庭有足夠的積蓄來(lái)支付學(xué)費(fèi)、住宿費(fèi)及生活費(fèi)。很多家長(zhǎng)會(huì)選擇在自己人生的關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻背負(fù)高額債務(wù)。

It is a gamble, experts say, and the stakes are high.

專家稱，這就是一場(chǎng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)很高的賭博。

"People need to think over the input and potential output, as well as the risks that any investment brings," said Zhang Jianbai, who runs a private school in Yunnan province.

云南一所私立學(xué)校校長(zhǎng)張健柏（音譯）表示：“人們需要企業(yè)仔細(xì)考慮資金投入、潛在回報(bào)以及這項(xiàng)投資所帶來(lái)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。”

He said that parents in small cities across his southwestern province, many of whom earn just 2,000 yuan a month, often sell their apartments to fund their children`s study overseas.

他說(shuō)，在云南西南部的很多小城市里，很多月收入只有2000元的家長(zhǎng)通常會(huì)選擇賣(mài)掉房子來(lái)資助子女出國(guó)留學(xué)。

"Those who are now suffering trouble or financial difficulties would not have been in this position had they chosen a more suitable way to educate their children," he added.

他還表示：“如果這些家長(zhǎng)能夠選擇一種更恰當(dāng)?shù)姆绞絹?lái)教育子女，那么他們就不會(huì)像現(xiàn)在這樣陷入遭遇困境，遭遇經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)。”

Differences in quality

教育質(zhì)量差異

After graduating from the university in Guangdong, Wang Jianhai was sent to Texas to get a master`s degree, which his family believed would give him an edge in the job market.

王建海（音譯）從廣東一所大學(xué)畢業(yè)后，就被送去美國(guó)德克薩斯州攻讀碩士學(xué)位。他的家人堅(jiān)信這會(huì)為他將來(lái)就業(yè)提供優(yōu)勢(shì)。

His father worked at an electronics factory and earned more than 10,000 yuan a month, so the adventure was not a great financial burden. However, after his return, 26-year-old Wang was no better prepared to find work.

王建海的父親在一家電子工廠上班，月收入一萬(wàn)元，所以送孩子出國(guó)留學(xué)這一險(xiǎn)招并不會(huì)帶來(lái)太大經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)。但回國(guó)后，26歲的王建海在求職時(shí)可以說(shuō)毫無(wú)準(zhǔn)備。

Even his English skills had not improved, he said, as "we stayed with other Asians most of the time".

甚至就連他的英文水平也沒(méi)有進(jìn)步。王建海稱，這是因?yàn)樽约捍蠖鄶?shù)時(shí)間都會(huì)和亞洲人呆在一起。

Eventually, his parents had to invest more money to help their only son eke out a meager living by running his own electronics store.

　　最終，王建海的父母不得不再次掏腰包資助兒子開(kāi)了家電器商店，勉強(qiáng)維持生計(jì)。

"He hasn`t earned a penny back for us, even though we`ve taken care of him for 26 years, while other people his age might have earned more than 200,000 yuan by now," said his 66-year-old father.

王建海66歲的父親表示：“盡管他們撫養(yǎng)了王建海26年，但王建海沒(méi)有為他們掙回一分錢(qián)，而其他很多同齡孩子現(xiàn)在可能已經(jīng)賺了二十萬(wàn)元了。”

"We could have had a decent life after retirement with our savings, but now we`ve painted ourselves into a tight corner," he added bitterly.

他苦澀地補(bǔ)充道：“我們本可以靠著自己的積蓄在退休以后過(guò)上份舒適體面的生活，但現(xiàn)在我們深陷困境，自討苦吃。”

Although parents see an overseas education as a shortcut to success, experts argue that very few truly understand the vast differences in quality that exist among colleges in developed nations.

盡管家長(zhǎng)們將出國(guó)留學(xué)視為一條成功的捷徑，但有關(guān)專家稱，很少有家長(zhǎng)真正了解眾多發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家大學(xué)在教育質(zhì)量上存在巨大差異這一事實(shí)。

Zhou Xiaozheng, a sociology professor at Renmin University of China, said everybody knows Chinese parents are willing to spend money on their children, but he warned that those looking to benefit today are largely "second- and third-rate colleges that don`t offer scholarships or subsidies".

中國(guó)人大社會(huì)學(xué)教授周孝正（音譯）表示，中國(guó)家長(zhǎng)愿意為孩子花錢(qián)這是眾所周知的事，但他也提醒說(shuō)，當(dāng)下那些利益為先的院校大多都是二三流的學(xué)校，它們既不提供獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金也沒(méi)有補(bǔ)助。

Parents need to be reasonable, he said, as well as "clear about what they expect from the study period mental development or practical skills".

　周孝正稱，家長(zhǎng)們需要放理智，并且弄清楚自己究竟想讓子女在留學(xué)期間的收獲些什么，是心智的成長(zhǎng)還是實(shí)用技能的培養(yǎng)。