Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease <Chinese>腓骨肌萎縮征
Chassalgnac's tubercle <Chinese>夏桑亞克結節（第六頸椎橫突的頸動脈結節）
chemical synapse <Chinese>化學突觸
Cheyne-Stokes nystagmus <Chinese>節律性眼球震顫
chiasmatic cistern <Chinese>交叉池
childhood dystrophy <Chinese>兒童營養不良
chitoneure <Chinese>神經膜鞘
chlomezanone <Chinese>芬那露
chloral hydrate <Chinese>水合氯醛
chloramphenicol <Chinese>氯霉素
chlorazepate <Chinese>二鉀氯氮卓
chloridiazepoxide <Chinese>利眠寧
chlorimipramine <Chinese>氯丙咪嗪
chlormezanone <Chinese>氯苯甲酮
chloroquine <Chinese>氯喹
chlorpromazine <Chinese>氯丙嗪
chlorprothixene <Chinese>泰爾登
chlorthialidone <Chinese>氯噻酮
chocking <Chinese>窒息
cholesteatom <Chinese>膽脂瘤
cholestipol <Chinese>降膽寧
cholestyramine <Chinese>消膽胺考來烯胺
cholinergic <Chinese>膽堿能
cholinesterase <Chinese>膽堿脂酶
cholinolytic <Chinese>抗膽堿
cholinomimetic <Chinese>類膽堿
chondroitine <Chinese>硫酸軟骨素
chorda tympani <Chinese>鼓索支
chordiazepoxide <Chinese>氯氮平
chordoma <Chinese>脊索瘤
chorea <Chinese>舞蹈病
choreiform <Chinese>舞蹈病樣的
choreoathetosis <Chinese>舞蹈手足徐動癥
choroid epithelium <Chinese>脈絡叢上皮
choroid fissure <Chinese>脈絡裂
choroid plexus of fourth ventricle <Chinese>第四腦室脈絡叢
choroid plexus of lateral ventricle <Chinese>側腦室脈絡叢
choroid plexus of third ventricle <Chinese>第三腦室脈絡叢
choroid plexus <Chinese>脈絡叢
choroid <Chinese>脈絡膜
chromidial substance <Chinese>嗜染質
chromphil substance <Chinese>染色質
chronic progressive inflammatory polyneuropathy <Chinese>慢性進行性炎癥性多發性神經病
chronotaraxia <Chinese>定時不能
Chyne-Stokes respiration <Chinese>潮式呼吸
ciliary medullary center <Chinese>延髓睫狀體中樞
ciliospinal center <Chinese>睫脊中樞
cillary neuragia <Chinese>睫狀神經痛
cimetidine <Chinese>西米替丁（甲氰咪呱）
cinerea <Chinese>灰質
cingulate gyrus <Chinese>扣帶回
cingulate suleus <Chinese>扣帶溝
cingulectomy<Chinese> 扣帶回切除術
cingulumotomy <Chinese>扣帶回切開術
cinnarizine <Chinese>腦益嗪 （肉桂苯哌嗪）
circle of Willis <Chinese>腦底動脈環
circumventricular organ <Chinese>室周器
cis-platinum <Chinese>順鉑
cistern <Chinese>池
cisternal puncture <Chinese>小腦延髓池穿刺
Clarke's cells <Chinese>克拉克細胞（脊髓背核色素細胞）
clasmatodendrosis <Chinese>星形膠質細胞突破折
clasp knife phenomenon <Chinese>折刀現象
clasp-knife <Chinese>折刀樣
Claude's hyperkinesis sign <Chinese>克洛德運動增強征（疼痛刺激時癱瘓肌肉的反射性動作）
Claude's syndrome <Chinese>克洛德綜合征（一側動眼神經癱瘓，對側協同不能，訥吃）
claw-hand <Chinese>爪形手
clindamycin <Chinese>克林霉素
clomipramine <Chinese>氯丙咪嗪
clonazepam <Chinese>氯硝安定
clonic seizure <Chinese>陣攣發作
clonic spasm <Chinese>陣攣性痙攣
clonidine <Chinese>氯壓定
clonus <Chinese>陣攣
cloxacillin <Chinese>鄰氯青霉素
coccidioidomycosis of brain <Chinese>腦隱球菌病
coccygeal <Chinese>尾的
cochlear duct <Chinese>蝸管
cochlear <Chinese>迷路
cochleostapedial reflex <Chinese>鐙骨肌反射
coenzyme A <Chinese>輔酶-A
coffin formation <Chinese>柩狀形成（神經細胞被吞噬）
cogwheel rigidity <Chinese>齒輪樣強直
Cohnheim's areas <Chinese>孔海姆區（肌原纖維的多邊形暗區）
coiling reflex <Chinese>蟠曲反射
collateral eminence <Chinese>側副隆起
collateral suleus <Chinese>側副溝
collateral trigone <Chinese>側副三角
Collet-Sicard syndrome <Chinese>顱底綜合征
colliculocochleunuclear projection <Chinese>下丘蝸核投射
colliculo-olivary projection <Chinese>下丘上橄欖投射
colliculus <Chinese>丘
coma <Chinese>昏迷
comatose <Chinese>昏迷
commissure of inferior colliculus <Chinese>下丘連合
commissure <Chinese>連合
communicating hydrocephalus<Chinese>交通性腦積水
compensate<Chinese>代償
compound microscope <Chinese>復式顯微鏡
compression of the brain <Chinese>腦受壓
compression <Chinese>壓迫
concha of cranium <Chinese>顱蓋
concussion of brain <Chinese>腦震蕩
concussion of spinal cord <Chinese>脊髓震蕩
concussional <Chinese>震蕩
Cone test <Chinese>腦脊液動力檢查
confluence of sinus<Chinese> 竇匯
congenital myopathy <Chinese>先天性肌病
congenital <Chinese>先天性
congruous hemianopia <Chinese>同側偏盲
conjugate <Chinese>共軛
conjunctival reflex <Chinese>結膜反射
consciousness <Chinese>意識
consensual reflex <Chinese>間接光反射
consensual <Chinese>間接
constipation <Chinese>便秘
constitutional <Chinese>原發性
contraiadicate <Chinese>禁忌
contralateral <Chinese>對側
contrecoup injury <Chinese>對沖性損害
contusion of spinal cord <Chinese>脊髓挫傷
contusion <Chinese>挫傷
conus medullaris <Chinese>圓錐（脊髓）
convalescent <Chinese>恢復
convergence defect <Chinese>會聚障礙
convergence spasm <Chinese>會聚痙攣
conversion hysteria <Chinese>轉換性癔病
convuision <Chinese>驚厥
coordination <Chinese>協調
coprolalia <Chinese>穢語癥
cornea <Chinese>角膜
corneal reflex <Chinese>角膜反射
cornucopia <Chinese>外側隱窩（第四腦室）
corona radiation <Chinese>輻射冠
coronal <Chinese>冠狀的
corpus callosum <Chinese>胼胝體
corpus Luysi <Chinese>路易斯氏體
corpus quadrigemina <Chinese>四疊體
corpus straitum <Chinese>紋狀體
corssed hemianopia <Chinese>異側偏盲
cortex <Chinese>皮質
Corti's arch <Chinese>蝸螺旋神經節
corticectomy <Chinese>腦皮層切除術
cortico- olivary fibers <Chinese>皮質橄欖纖維
corticobulbar tract <Chinese>皮質腦干束
corticocerebral <Chinese>大腦皮層的
corticocollicular projection <Chinese>皮質下丘投射
corticonuclear tract <Chinese>皮質核束
corticopontine tract <Chinese>皮質腦橋束
corticoreticular fibers <Chinese>皮質網狀纖維
corticostriatal fibers <Chinese>皮質紋狀體纖維
cortico-striato-spinal degeneration <Chinese>皮質－紋狀體－脊髓變性
corticothalamic fibers <Chinese>皮質丘腦纖維
cortitectal fibers <Chinese>皮質頂蓋纖維
cortival venous thrombophlebitis <Chinese>皮質靜脈血栓性靜脈炎
cough syncope <Chinese>咳嗽暈厥
coxsackie virus <Chinese>柯薩奇病毒