Fortune and our Time Inc. sister publication Food & Wine spent months searching for the most groundbreaking women in the food and drink world. And we found them, placing extra emphasis on our candidates’ accomplishments in the last year.

《財(cái)富》（Fortune）雜志與同屬于時(shí)代公司（Time Inc.）的姊妹刊物《美食與美酒》（Food & Wine）歷時(shí)數(shù)月，全力搜尋食品與飲料行業(yè)最具創(chuàng)新力的女性。我們終于找到了她們，本文將著重介紹這些候選人在過(guò)去一年里取得的成就。

The women listed below may not all operate at the same scale as the big industry players, such as PepsiCo’s IndraNooyi and Mondelez International’s Irene Rosenfeld, who are regulars on Fortune’s Most Powerful Women in Business ranking (online Sept. 18). But this group is permanently changing the way we eat and how we think about food. Now that’s power in its own right.

不同于百事可樂(lè)公司（PepsiCo）CEO盧英德或億滋國(guó)際（Mondelez International）掌門人艾琳•羅森菲爾德這類《財(cái)富》“最具影響力的商界女性”排行榜的常客，本文列舉的這幾位女性或許沒(méi)有運(yùn)作如此規(guī)模的企業(yè)，但她們一直在影響我們的飲食習(xí)慣以及我們對(duì)食物的看法。這正是她們獨(dú)特的“影響力”。

Ertharin Cousin

埃瑟琳•庫(kù)桑

Executive Director, United Nations World Food Programme

聯(lián)合國(guó)世界糧食署（United Nations World Food Programme）總干事

Her job truly means life or death for millions of people around the globe. As the head of the world’s largest humanitarian organization combating hunger, Cousin leads a team that must quickly get aid to those faced with conflict and natural disaster. WFP reaches 90 million people in 80 countries, such as the 4.25 million people it’s targeting in Syria every month. It’s not cheap—that effort alone costs $35 million a week–and Cousin is working to make the massive agency more nimble. She has increased funding (all of it comes through voluntary contributions), cut down the time it takes to deploy resources, and is trying to grow private sector donations. Through a partnership with MasterCard, she’s also scaled up the use of cash and vouchers to let those in need purchase their own food when possible–a move that also supports local economies.

她的工作的確事關(guān)全球數(shù)百萬(wàn)人的生死。作為全球最大的反饑餓人道組織負(fù)責(zé)人，庫(kù)桑領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的團(tuán)隊(duì)必須迅速地幫助那些深受戰(zhàn)亂和自然災(zāi)害之苦的普通民眾。世界糧食署為80個(gè)國(guó)家的9000萬(wàn)人提供援助，比如它每個(gè)月都要援助425萬(wàn)名敘利亞難民。這可是一筆不小的開(kāi)支——光是在敘利亞的援助行動(dòng)每周就要花費(fèi)3500萬(wàn)美元。同時(shí)庫(kù)桑正在努力使這個(gè)龐大的機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)得更加迅速快捷。她已經(jīng)提高了援助資金（所有資金都來(lái)自于自愿捐贈(zèng)），削減了部署資源的時(shí)間，同時(shí)試圖提高私人領(lǐng)域的捐贈(zèng)。通過(guò)與萬(wàn)事達(dá)公司（MasterCard）合作，她也加大了現(xiàn)金和購(gòu)物卡的使用，以便當(dāng)?shù)鼐用裨跅l件允許的情況下，可以自行購(gòu)買食物。此舉也有助于發(fā)展當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)。

Judy Chan

陳芳

CEO, Grace Vineyard

怡園酒莊（Grace Vineyard）CEO

As China’s interest in wine explodes, the world is watching Judy Chan. Twelve years ago after a stint in human resources at Goldman Sachs, Chan, at age 24, took charge of the winery her father co-founded. “I didn’t even drink,” she says. The market was dominated by massive state-owned wineries, but Chan focused on smaller quantities of quality of wine and today producers more than two million bottles a year. She launched a restaurant at the winery in Shanxi and is venturing into sparkling wine and whiskey.

隨著中國(guó)人對(duì)紅酒的興趣不斷高漲，全世界都把眼光投向了陳芳。12年前，年僅24歲的陳芳放棄了在高盛集團(tuán)（Goldman Sachs）人力資源部的工作，接掌了她父親與人聯(lián)合創(chuàng)立的酒莊。她說(shuō)：“我甚至都不會(huì)喝酒。”當(dāng)時(shí)，中國(guó)的紅酒市場(chǎng)主要被大型國(guó)有酒廠壟斷，但是陳芳將發(fā)展方向放在為數(shù)不多的高品質(zhì)紅酒上，如今怡園酒莊已經(jīng)成為一家年產(chǎn)超過(guò)200萬(wàn)瓶紅酒的企業(yè)。另外，陳芳在位于山西省的酒莊里開(kāi)了一家餐廳，同時(shí)還在積極進(jìn)軍起泡酒和威士忌領(lǐng)域。

Margaret Wittenberg
瑪格利特•威滕伯格

Global Vice President of Quality Standards, Whole Foods Market
全食超市（Whole Foods Market）全球品質(zhì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)副總裁

Whole Foods was already ahead of its time when Wittenberg joined the company in 1981–even then it banned artificial colors, flavors, and preservatives. Since then she’s driven the company’s aggressive quality campaign, which often makes the retailer a leader on issues like seafood sustainability and animal welfare standards. The company requires its suppliers to list all ingredients in cleaning products, even though the U.S. government doesn’t, and is insisting all of its vendors label products that include GMOs by 2018. “Whole Foods is just kind of a beacon of what’s to come,” she told Fortune earlier this year.

當(dāng)威滕伯格于1981年加盟全食超市（Whole Foods）時(shí)，這家公司已經(jīng)走在了時(shí)代前列。比如，早在那時(shí)，全食就制定了禁止人工色素、人工添加劑和防腐劑的規(guī)定。加盟全食以后，威滕伯格積極推進(jìn)全食的品質(zhì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，使全食公司在海產(chǎn)品可持續(xù)發(fā)展和動(dòng)物福利標(biāo)準(zhǔn)等議題上始終處于領(lǐng)軍地位。全食公司要求供應(yīng)商必須列出清潔產(chǎn)品的所有成份，哪怕美國(guó)政府都沒(méi)有這樣的要求。另外全食公司還要求所有供應(yīng)商必須在2018年以前，給所有包含轉(zhuǎn)基因的產(chǎn)品打上標(biāo)簽。今年年初，威滕伯格曾對(duì)《財(cái)富》表示：“全食就像是一座指引未來(lái)走向的燈塔。”

AvaniDavda
阿瓦尼•達(dá)夫達(dá)

CEO, Tata Starbucks
塔塔星巴克公司（Tata Starbucks）CEO

Coffee is on the rise in India, historically a tea-drinking nation, and Starbucks is looking to profit with its partner Tata Global Beverages. The joint venture is led by Davda, who, in less than two years, has opened 52 stores across Mumbai, Delhi, Pune, Bangalore, and Chennai. Next up is Hyderabad. She’s balanced Starbucks staples like Frappuccinos with local offerings. Her team launched an India-sourced and roasted coffee, called India Estates Blend, to mark Starbucks’ first anniversary in the country.

印度一向是個(gè)喜歡喝茶的國(guó)家，但是近年來(lái)，喝咖啡的習(xí)慣在印度漸漸興起。星巴克（Starbucks）攜手印度的塔塔全球飲料公司（Tata Global Beverages），試圖在該國(guó)的咖啡市場(chǎng)上分一杯羹。阿瓦妮•達(dá)夫達(dá)出任雙方的合資企業(yè)塔塔星巴克公司CEO。在不到兩年的時(shí)間里，塔塔星巴克已經(jīng)在孟買、德里、普納、班加羅爾、欽奈等地開(kāi)了52家門店，接下來(lái)還將進(jìn)入海德拉巴。達(dá)夫達(dá)還將一些當(dāng)?shù)卦�料融入星冰�?lè)（Frappuccinos）等星巴克主打產(chǎn)品之中。另外，她的團(tuán)隊(duì)還推出了一款在印度原產(chǎn)和烘烤的咖啡，起名叫“India Estates Blend”，用以慶祝星巴克在印度開(kāi)業(yè)一周年。

Kylie Kwong
鄺凱莉

Restaurateur, Billy Kwong
比利•鄺餐廳（Billy Kwong）老板

Kwong is a chef superstar, with a TV and cookbook empire anchored by her award-winning Sydney restaurant, Billy Kwong. The restaurant in part reflects her Chinese heritage, but all of her ventures reveal her wholehearted commitment to Australian native ingredients, including alternative proteins like insects. She got over her fear of bugs in order to work with an entomologist to raise mealworms, ants, and crickets as a low-cost, environmentally sound protein source. She now serves them on her menu.

鄺凱莉是廚師界的巨星，通過(guò)其總部位于悉尼，屢獲殊榮的比利•鄺餐廳掌控著一個(gè)橫跨電視和烹飪書(shū)籍領(lǐng)域的商業(yè)帝國(guó)。在某種程度上，這家餐廳中反映了她的中國(guó)血統(tǒng)，不過(guò)鄺凱莉的種種商業(yè)行為顯示，她全身心地致力于使用澳洲本地的天然食材，甚至將昆蟲(chóng)開(kāi)發(fā)為蛋白質(zhì)的替代來(lái)源。她克服了自己對(duì)蟲(chóng)子的恐懼，與一位昆蟲(chóng)學(xué)家一道，將大麥蟲(chóng)、螞蟻、蟋蟀等昆蟲(chóng)開(kāi)發(fā)成了廉價(jià)環(huán)保的蛋白質(zhì)來(lái)源。現(xiàn)在你已經(jīng)能在這家餐廳的菜單上找到用這些昆蟲(chóng)制作而成的菜肴。

Ruth Oniang’o
露絲•歐妮雅戈

Founder, Rural Outreach Africa
非洲農(nóng)村扶貧項(xiàng)目（Rural Outreach Africa）創(chuàng)始人

Oniang’o has raised money to help 30,000 small farmers in Kenya, most of whom are women. She’s spent her career devoted to this cause, promoting better farming techniques and nutrition. She was once a member of the Kenyan parliament and a professor of food science in Kenya; today she’s an adjunct professor at Tufts. She’s advised countless international organizations, including the Gates Foundation, and in February she joined DuPont’s advisory committee on agricultural innovation and productivity.

歐妮雅戈籌集的資金已經(jīng)給3萬(wàn)余名肯尼亞農(nóng)民提供了幫助，其中的大多數(shù)人是婦女。她為這項(xiàng)事業(yè)貢獻(xiàn)了畢生心血，試圖以此提高非洲農(nóng)村的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)技能和營(yíng)養(yǎng)水平。歐妮雅戈曾經(jīng)是肯尼亞議會(huì)的一名議員，也是一位食品科學(xué)教授。她現(xiàn)在是美國(guó)塔夫斯大學(xué)（Tufts University）的一位副教授。歐妮雅戈曾經(jīng)為不計(jì)其數(shù)的國(guó)際組織提供過(guò)咨詢，包括蓋茨基金會(huì)（Gates Foundation）等。今年2月，她加入了杜邦公司（DuPont）的農(nóng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新與生產(chǎn)力咨詢委員會(huì)。

Severine von Tscharner Fleming
塞芙琳•范•察納爾•弗雷明

Director, Greenhorns
非營(yíng)利組織Greenhorns理事

Von Tscharner Fleming took time off during college to apprentice with farms around the world. She came back with a mission: develop tools to support young farmers, who can counter big agriculture. She’s started a laundry list of groups to do just that, including the National Young Farmers Coalition, the Agrarian Trust, and open-source platform Farm Hack. Von Tscharner Fleming, who has described herself as a “punky grassroots farming ninja,” is best known for Greenhorns, an organization that produces podcasts, blogs, networking events, and even a documentary to bolster the next generation of farmers.

上大學(xué)期間，塞芙琳經(jīng)常利用假期輾轉(zhuǎn)全球各地，向當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)民學(xué)習(xí)手藝。回來(lái)后，她給自己樹(shù)立了一個(gè)目標(biāo)：為年輕一代農(nóng)民開(kāi)發(fā)工具。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)這個(gè)目標(biāo)，她創(chuàng)辦了一長(zhǎng)串組織和機(jī)構(gòu)，包括全國(guó)年輕農(nóng)民聯(lián)盟（National Young Farmers Coalition）、土地信托（Agrarian Trust）和開(kāi)源平臺(tái)農(nóng)場(chǎng)黑客（Farm Hack）等。塞芙琳稱自己是個(gè)“朋克草根農(nóng)業(yè)忍者”。最令她知名度暴漲的，是她創(chuàng)辦的非營(yíng)利組織Greenhorns，該組織主要制作各種播客、博客、網(wǎng)絡(luò)活動(dòng)甚至紀(jì)錄片，用以支持新一代農(nóng)民。

Lena Kwak
雷娜•郭

President and Co-founder, Cup4Cup
Cup4Cup公司董事長(zhǎng)及聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人

The gluten-free food and beverage industry hit $10.5 billion last year, according to Mintel, and it’s expected to grow another 48% to $15.6 billion by 2016. Entrepreneurs like Kwak are capitalizing on the movement. She developed Cup4Cup flour while heading up R&D at Thomas Keller’s French Laundry after seeing how much diners appreciated good gluten-free bread. She’s gone on to develop pizza crust, brownie, and pancake mixes under the brand. She’s now expanding her Wholesome line, a substitute for whole wheat flour that launched in May, with Wholesome vanilla cake and corn bread mixes hitting shelves this fall.

根據(jù)英敏特公司（Mintel）統(tǒng)計(jì)，去年全球無(wú)谷蛋白食品與飲料行業(yè)的市值已達(dá)105億美元，預(yù)計(jì)到2016年還將增長(zhǎng)48%，達(dá)到156億美元。包括雷娜•郭在內(nèi)的一批企業(yè)家正在利用這種趨勢(shì)賺錢。在執(zhí)掌托馬斯•凱勒的“法國(guó)洗衣房”餐廳（French Laundry）研發(fā)部門期間，她發(fā)現(xiàn)有不少食客喜歡吃上好的無(wú)谷蛋白面包，于是就開(kāi)發(fā)出了Cup4Cup面粉。現(xiàn)在，她還在繼續(xù)開(kāi)發(fā)該品牌的匹薩餅皮、布朗尼蛋糕和薄餅等產(chǎn)品。今年5月，她還推出了旨在替代全麥面粉的Wholesome健康食品品牌。今年秋季，Wholesome系列的香草蛋糕和牛角面包等產(chǎn)品也將陸續(xù)上架。